Chapter 13: Introduction to Marine Biology
Hello world. Today we were given a packet with questions. We had a presentation about the packet and answered the questions. The answers will be put on this page. Afterwards, we watched a video of a guy's camera being stolen by an octopus. It was hilarious. There is also a website you must go to to finish this packet. I'll put the website below. I'll see you later. Peace!
Website: http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/edu/learning/3_deepsea_corals/activities/ocean_zones.html
Website: http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/edu/learning/3_deepsea_corals/activities/ocean_zones.html
Light Zones: The zone when an amount of light reaching through seawater and down to the ocean
floor exerts an enormous influence on the nature and abundance of sea-life. Habitat Zone: The zone where two primary divisions are the pelagic zone (water zone), and the benthic zone (bottom zone). Different habitat zones offers different challenges and opportunities. Lifestyle Zone: The zone where plants and animals falls into just four groups. |
Questions:
1. What is biodiversity? What 4 elements make up 99% of all species? > Earth contains over 100 million different species. All species are made up of the same major elements. The 4 elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. 2. What is photosynthesis? Label the diagram of photosynthesis. > Photosynthesis is energy from sunlight. 3. Describe the flow of energy through systems. What is the main storage molecule of energy in animals? > At each step, energy is degraded (transformed into a less useful form). The main storage molecule of energy in animals is chemical energy. 4. What is chemosynthesis? What source of energy is used instead of sunlight? > Chemosynthesis is energy from hydrogen sulfide. 5. What is primary productivity a measure of? > It's a measure of grams of carbon bound into carbohydrates per square meter of ocean surface area per year. 6. Looking at the map of productivity around the world- Discuss what you see: > The coasts and the areas near the equator have the most productivity. Why is productivity higher near the coasts of continents than in the open oceans? > The nutrients from the currents give the coasts more productivity. Why is productivity higher near the poles? > The currents give the poles more productivity. Define the following: Autotrophs- organisms that make their own food (producers) Heterotrophs- organisms that must consume other organisms for energy Trophic pyramid- model that describes who eats whom Primary consumers- organisms that eat producers Secondary consumers- organisms that eat primary consumers Top consumers- top of the trophic pyramid 7. In a food web, what do the arrows represent? > The arrows show the direction of energy flow. 8. What are some atoms and molecules that cycle in biogeochemical cycles? > Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon, iron and trace metals 9. Diagram the Carbon Cycle in the Ocean: > The picture will be on the left. 10. Diagram the Nitrogen Cycle in the Ocean: > The picture will be on the left. 11. Diagram the Phosphorus Cycle in the Ocean: > The picture will be on the left. 12. What is a limiting factor in ecosystems? > It's a factor found in the environment that can be harmful if present in quantities that are too large or too small. 13. What are the most important physical factors for marine organisms?
15. Define the following zones: Euphotic: most of the biological productivity of ocean occurs in the area near the surface, enough sunlight for photosynthesis and vision Disphotic: not enough sunlight for photosynthesis, vision only Aphotic: no sunlight 16. Define the following nutrient transports: Diffusion: mixing due to random molecular movements Osmosis: diffusion of water through a membrane Active Transport: transport of substance against a concentration gradient, requires energy input 17. What are the major zones of the ocean? > The major zones are the Light Zones, Habitat Zones, and the Lifestyle Zones. 18. What is natural selection? > When the environment favors individuals that are well adapted. Their favorable traits are retained because they contribute to organism's reproductive success. 19. Who was Carolus Linnaeus? What did he do? > He was one of the first to use the system of natural classification, developed classification system based on hierarchy, and system of scientific names for organisms. 20. What is taxonomy? > The study of biological classification 21. What are the 6 kingdoms and how are they further divided? > The six kingdoms are Fungi, Arimalia, Plantae, Protista, Archaea, and Bacteria. They are divided into two different sections as eukaryotes, and prokaryotes. |
Hey, looks like you're done. I'll see you later. Peace!